Dirty Dozen

Word Wise

The Dirty Dozen
The 10 most commonly



Pronouns are a highly useful but often troublesome family of words that have a unique specialty: They enable you to refer back to a word or phrase you have already used in the same sentence or paragraph (the technical term for that word or phrase is antecedent) but without having to repeat the word or phrase each time you refer back to it.

Imply vs Infer

Anyway vs. Any way
Anyway is an adverb meaning regardless. Any way is a phrase meaning any manner or method.

I don’t want to go to the party, anyway. We could take any way we want to get to the party.

Than vs. Then
Than is a conjunction used to compare two things. Then is usually an adverb indicating time.

Do you think that Pepsi Cola is better than Coca Cola? We went to the store, and then to a movie.

That vs. Which
That is used when the phrase or clause that follows it is necessary in the sentence. Which is used when the phrase or clause that follows it is not necessary.

Students that fail to thoroughly proofread often miss unnecessary points. Procrastinated papers, which students write often, fail to lead to the desired grades for their classes.

Their vs. There vs. They’re
Their is a pronoun that is plural possessive. There is a word that means place. They’re is a contraction that means they are.

Their dog is over there digging through the trash. They’re not the most responsible pet owners.

To vs. Too vs. Two
To is a preposition indicating direction. Too is an adverb meaning in addition or also. Two is a number.

Too many times, students go to their adviser to set up their classes, but only have two of their five classes picked out.

Who vs. Whom
Who is a pronoun used as the subject of a sentence. Whom is a pronoun used as a direct object.

Who is responsible for the research on this group project? We assigned research to whom for this group project?

NOTE: As a general rule, if you can substitute “she” then “who” is the appropriate choice. If you can substitute “her” then “whom” is the appropriate choice.

Your vs. You’re
Your is a pronoun that is second person possessive. You’re is a contraction that means you are.

Your clothes will wrinkle if you’re not careful with the drying cycle you choose.

Other Confusing Word Pairs
Accept vs. Except

Allusion vs. Illusion

Appraise vs. Apprise

Capital vs. Capitol

Climactic vs. Climatic

Complement vs. Compliment

Compose vs. Comprise

Elicit vs. Illicit

Emigrate vs. Immigrate

Ensure vs. Insure

Farther vs. Further

Imitated vs. Intimated

Its vs. It’s

Passed vs. Past

Set vs. Sit